Free PDF , by Alexander Wendt

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, by Alexander Wendt

Free PDF , by Alexander Wendt

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Product details

File Size: 1664 KB

Print Length: 366 pages

Simultaneous Device Usage: Up to 4 simultaneous devices, per publisher limits

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (April 30, 2015)

Publication Date: April 7, 2015

Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC

Language: English

ASIN: B00U7CRGEE

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- This book asks “What are the implications for philosophy if quantum coherence is the physical origin of all life, even of the collective consciousness of a nation?” Wendt says that most philosophy has assumed classical physics, not quantum physics, and that this assumption has always made the nature life and consciousness very mysterious and contentious. He is clear that the physics underlying his hypothesis, though very suggestive, is still quite thin. Yet, he says, even if “quantum mind” turns out to be more metaphorical than physical, it still provides a far better way to resolve the apparent philosophical paradoxes of life and society than today’s dominant theories. And Wendt, a political scientist who took on philosophy from the outside, is very good at elucidating those paradoxes. I only wish he had been better at elucidating the physical evidence for quantum coherence in biological systems.-- But if, like me, you’re not an academically trained philosopher, plan to do a lot of googling of words like ontology, epistemology, epiphenomenalism, supervenience, vitalism, reification, panpsychism, and the like, When I combined Wikipedia with the usage and partial explanations in the text, then it all made sense, at least to someone who has a strong academic and scientific bent. I also googled some of the physics experiments, discovering, as I expected, that sometimes the interpretations were contentious. But with the backing of luminaries like Roger Penrose, this is serious stuff. The other good thing is that when philosophers and physicists do battle on the frontiers of knowledge, they know that they could be wrong and tend to be more respectful of one another than do politicians. In fact, they understand that “proposal and criticism” is a key part of the game.-- With these caveats this book is an excellent introduction to modern philosophy, as well as the basic concepts of quantum mechanics (without any math). As to Wendt’s field of professional expertise (international relations), very little is said, but his ultimate goal is to meet the philosophical needs of social scientists. For example, social scientists customarily use the “intention” of individuals or groups as an explanatory tool, assuming some version of “free will” and “folk psychology”. So is this “intention” really just an illusion, being ultimately explainable by the forces of classical physics acting on molecules, or is it irreducible but emergent from the complexity of a large scale system, or does it have a reality based in quantum physics (the entanglement of myriads of quantum waves which have somehow been combined in a coherent way to reach a human scale)?-- Backing up, what distinguishes life from inorganic matter? Even biologists have great difficulty with this question because somebody can always point out an exception to every proposed rule. But Penrose and Hameroff propose that the microtubules that provide the core structure of every cell are also the locus of the quantum coherence that literally animates the cell. And social experiments demonstrate that quantum decision rules, using superposition of states, often describe actual human choices better than classical logic and probability.-- Thus Wendt’s critique of conventional philosophy provides a powerful impetus toward the development of a new, more open-minded paradigm of how to think about human society. For example, it constitutes a direct assault on “rational economic man” and the “micro-economic” foundations espoused by economists, giving strong backing to behavioral economics and emergent phenomena. This kind of new thinking is especially needed in fields, like economics, which are influenced by powerful societal forces like politics, religion, or ideology.Later addition: The book “Life on the Edge” by scientists McFadden and Al-Khalili throws cold water on the “quantum consciousness” proposed by Penrose. They suggest that brain waves are the medium of consciousness but that this is a macroscopic phenomenon. According to these researchers, the latest studies in quantum biology only show quantum coherence at the microscopic level in very special situations, though still of great significance (making photosynthesis in plants and respiration in animals much more efficient, enabling an exquisite sense of smell, the detection of the inclination of the earth’s magnetic field by some animals, etc.). Yet, as I pointed out above, “quantum mind” still has significant metaphorical value.

Alexnder Wendt has written a book that is informative, insightful and expertly researched. While the title references social science, you might well consider this book an overview of the recent research into the quantum basis of consciousness. If you are interested in the implications of the Hammeroff/Penrose Orch-OR theory, this is a great place to start. The author takes care to present various interpretations of consciousness theory (both quantum and classical), and provides excellent historical context for these interpretations. This book will allow you to become more comfortable with the expanded world view that accompanies an understanding of the physical basis for consciousness without imposing unsupported speculation that often tries to drift into this picture.Bottom line, worth every penny of your money and every minute of your time. Thank you, Mr. Wendt for writing this book. It's a gem.

OMG, thank you Wendt for this awesome mind-blowing kickass book! This book hopefully will challenge and change how people think about social science. I am not saying that Quantum theory has to be the only theory that is correct, but let's embrace the possibility that not everything and every model has to obey the classical laws of physics, and let's not marginalize those social scientists who already have been challenging those laws.

This book is very thorough and excellently presented. The organization of the information couldn't be better. You will understand the subject perfectly after reading this. It is also a very forward-thinking subject that is unique and exciting.

Most of all, this is a serious book written by a serious scholar. The implications of his thesis are profound for any conventional view of the Social Sciences. Perhaps only a thinker of such proven qualification could set forth so bold a vision in such a forceful and credible way. Fortunately, it is also a book clearly written and accessible to a wide variety of readers. Joseph P Garske

This book is a fascinating piece of cross discipline scholarship that enhances the field of social science as a whole. While I bought this book hoping that the lessons would apply to international relations in particular, the book is more about broad means of conceptualizing social science ontologies. Once again, Wendt, who is best know for revolutionizing the world of theoretical international relations as the father of constructivism, turns existing thinking on its head with this riveting work.

Groundbreaking stuff!!

Blazing trails for quantum theory in the social sciences.

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